All quiet on the Western Front1 essays

All peaceful on the Western Front1 articles At whatever point one peruses or catches wind of World War I or World War II, you know about the battles and triumphs of the British, Americans or any of different Allies. Furthermore, they generally discuss the insidious and threatening German armed force. In any case, All Quiet on the Western Front gives the peruser some understanding and a gander at a gathering of youthful German companions who are battling in World War I. This story is neither an allegation nor an admission, and in particular an undertaking, for death isn't an experience to the individuals who stand up close and personal with it. It will attempt basically to recount an age of men who, despite the fact that they may have gotten away from its shells, were devastated by the war..... The troopers of this war felt they were neither legends nor did they realize what they were battling for. These warriors were pulled from the guiltlessness of their youth, and tossed into a universe of anger. However some way or another they despite everything figured out how to have heart and confidence in humankind and couldn't look at the adversary without flinching and murder him. For he was man as well, he too had a spouse and youngsters at home, he also was pulled out of his home to battle for a reason he didn't comprehend. The companions were instructed to battle. They were educated to execute the British and their partners. The companions had no close to home motivation to battle with the other, then again, actually it was a request and should be finished. They were not battling in light of the fact that they held a solid energy for their nation, or felt profoundly for the reason for the war. Albert essentially states, ...practically we all are basic people. What's more, in France, as well, most of men are workers, laborers, or poor assistants. Presently exactly for what reason would a French metal forger or a French shoemaker need to assault us? No, its just the rulers. I had never observed a Frenchman I came here, and it will be only the equivalent with most of Frenchmen as respects us. They weren't gotten some information about it any increasingly then we were. These troopers needed energy for the war. They ... <!

AP Spanish Literature and Culture LITERARY MOVEMENTS Essay Example

AP Spanish Literature and Culture LITERARY MOVEMENTS Essay Example AP Spanish Literature and Culture LITERARY MOVEMENTS Paper AP Spanish Literature and Culture LITERARY MOVEMENTS Paper what's more, women's activist writing vanguardismo cutting edge developments of abstract experimentation; incorporates the surrealist development (worried about dreams and mind flights); Pablo Neruda, Dragã ºn, Lorca teatro del absurdo with the conviction that human presence has no importance or reason, these works are purposefully silly, demonstrating man in an irrational, immeasurable world yet as yet conveying a meaningfull message; discourse incorporates clichã ©s and word games; Dragã ºn Generaciã ³n del 98 a gathering of authors, artists, writers, and rationalists dynamic in Spain at the hour of the Spanish-American War; analysis, standards, innovativeness; included Miguel de Unamuno (strict topics), Antonio Machado (individual and widespread subjects) costumbrismo a scholarly translation of neighborhood regular daily existence and customs (nineteenth century); sentimental enthusiasm for excessive articulation + practical, exact spotlight on a specific time and spot; went before (and prompted) both Romanticism and Realism barroco a seventeenth century social and masterful development that was the advancement of thoughts and topics figured during the Spanish Renaissance; included culteranismo and conceptismo; Gã ³ngora and Quevedo in Spain + Sor Juana in Mexico romanticismo because of neoclassicism, this development concentrated on the magnificence of creative mind, the sporadic idea of human soul, and the common world; Rima LIII (Bã ©cquer), En una tempestad (Heredia) Siglo de Oro period from 1942 (Christopher Columbus, end of Reconquista) to 1659 described by a thriving in Spanish expressions and writing that included romantecismo and barroco; Don Quijote, Garcilaso, Gã ³ngora, Quevedo neoclasicismo development in which journalists thought back to figures, for example, Garcilaso and Quevedo and were enlivened by old style beliefs; later provoked a negative response from sentimentalists, who were themselves censured by pragmatists

Finding Therapists as a Highly Sensitive Person

Finding Therapists as a Highly Sensitive Person Psychotherapy Print Finding Therapists as a Highly Sensitive Person By Jodi Clarke, MA, LPC/MHSP twitter linkedin Jodi Clarke, LPC/MHSP is a licensed professional counselor and mental health service provider with over 20 years of experience in the field. Learn about our editorial policy Jodi Clarke, MA, LPC/MHSP Updated on May 16, 2019 SDI Productions / Getty Images More in Psychotherapy Online Therapy Being a highly sensitive person (HSP) is not a bad thing. It simply means that you tend to process things more deeply, such as cues, emotions, and experiences. You are quite aware of your surroundings and have a keen gift for picking up on subtle cues in your environment that others may not notice. Since you might tend to pick up on these subtle cues and process those more deeply than other people do, it is not a surprise to think that you might feel overwhelmed during experiences that are not-so-subtle. Things like loud noises, drastic temperature change, crowds, or emotionally-charged situations can create distress because your system becomes overstimulated. You might also find that you have a harder time healing after experiences that involve betrayal, loss, or rejection. Keep in mind that being an HSP is simply a way of being in the world. Many people who identify as an HSP may have had experiences in their lives of other people telling them that they are too sensitive, or cant let things go. These can be painful things to hear, especially from those we care about, and leave us feeling like we are  misunderstood or, worse, weak or incapable. As Elaine Aron, Ph.D., states clearly in her work with highly sensitive people, There is nothing wrong with high sensitivity. Sensitivity is an advantage in many situations and for many purposes, but not in other cases. Like having a certain eye color, it is a neutral, normal trait inherited by a large portion of the population, although not the majority. Dr. Aron estimates that this trait of high sensitivity is found in 15-20% of the population. Not sure if you would be considered a highly sensitive person? You can take a quiz by Dr. Aron to learn more. Asking for Help as a Highly Sensitive Person As an HSP, you may have experienced situations and people who have left you questioning yourself, your perceptions, and your abilities. This is not a good feeling and can leave you feeling flawed in some way. We tend to shy away from letting people in, fearing betrayal, loss, or rejection. It can feel risky for an HSP to ask for help, no matter how much they feel challenged and might struggle at work, in their personal lives or in their relationships. When we have particularly deep wounds that need healing, such as abuse or trauma, it can be overwhelming to think we would need to trust someone with our stories and experiences to help us find healing and peace. The following are some tips for reaching out and finding a therapist who will understand how to work with a highly sensitive person. Starting Your Search Dr. Aron outlines specific steps to finding a therapist in her book, The Highly Sensitive Persons Workbook: The Practical Guide for Highly Sensitive People and HSP Support Groups. One of the first suggestions she makes is to appreciate that this decision will have a profound impact on your life. Take the decision to heart and take the time to research options before deciding. Your therapist will be someone you are incorporating into your life for a period of time, consistently offering you a safe space to share experiences and process through challenging emotions. Finding a Licensed Therapist Although many people offer services as a helping professional, it is important to look for providers who have the proper education, training, and licensure to practice in their field. Examples of this would be psychiatrists, psychologists, licensed therapists, and social workers. There are state board regulations in place for these professions and, although providers vary greatly, selecting someone who is formally trained and credentialed by their state board will allow you to know that they have met specific criteria to practice in their chosen field. Many providers offer this information on their websites or other listings but, if you are unable to find that information easily, do not be afraid to ask the person about their credentials and licensing. Where to Look   You can find a lot of information about therapists online. There are many online listing sites and other websites dedicated to sharing information about available therapists and can be searched by location so you can see what options are available close to you. Remember that you will likely be seeing this person on a regular basis for a period of time, so keep that in mind as you consider scheduling and commuting. Examples of online listings include: Good TherapyTheraviveThe Highly Sensitive Person Website Find Help With the 9 Best Online Therapy Programs Reach out and Gather Information Some therapists offer free consultations, briefly in person or over the phone. If you find a provider who seems like they would be a good fit for you, and they do not state that they offer a free consultation, do not be afraid to ask. Most therapists will be glad to spend 15 minutes over the phone, or even by email, to answer questions about their training and experience. Keep in mind this consultation time may need to be scheduled in advance, and some may prefer you come into the office for an in-person consultation. Dr. Aron suggests that HSPs make a point of sharing enough information during their consultation or first session to gather information about how the therapist responds in session. Things to consider might include: Are they approachable and engaged in conversation?Do they seem compassionate and understanding?Do they allow you to share during the first session?Do you find that they have helpful insights?Do they allow you to ask questions about their training or credentials? Although some therapists are highly sensitive people themselves, others are not. It is not necessarily a requirement for your chosen therapist to be an HSP like you, but you may have that preference. Allow yourself to gather the information necessary to know if this is a safe environment and if the therapist understands the gifts and challenges of HSPs. Allow Yourself Time to Decide After speaking with a few therapists, take a little time to walk away and consider your options. Reflect on things like their interactive style, and even the environment of their office. It can be easy for highly sensitive people to second guess themselves or question their perceptions. Remember, you have a gift of reading cues well, so allow yourself time to reflect on the information you have gathered in your search, and make a solid decision of who might be the best fit for you.

Augmentative Suffixes in Spanish

Augmentative suffixes — word endings added to nouns (and sometimes adjectives) to make them refer to something that is large — are less common than the diminutive endings, but they nevertheless provide one way that the Spanish vocabulary can be flexibly expanded. And just as the diminutive suffixes can be used to indicate that something is endearing (rather than small), so can the augmentative endings be used in a pejorative way to indicate that something is awkward or otherwise undesirable. The most common augmentative and pejorative suffixes (feminine forms in parentheses) are -à ³n (-ona), -azo (-aza) and -ote (-ota). Less common ones include -udo (-uda), -aco (-aca), -acho (-acha), -uco (-uca), -ucho (-ucha), -astro (-astra) and -ejo (-eja). Although nouns usually maintain their gender when put in an augmentative form, it isnt unusual for the words, especially when they come to be thought of as words in their own right, to change gender (especially from feminine to masculine). Theres no way to predict which ending (if any) can be attached to a particular noun, and the meanings of some suffixed words can vary from region to region. Here are the main ways in which these endings are used: To Indicate Something Is Large When used in this way, the suffixes can also indicate something is strong or powerful or has some other quality often associated with size. Examples: mujerona (big and/or tough woman), arbolote (big tree), perrazo (a big and/or mean dog), librazo or librote (big book), pajarote (large bird), casona (large house), cabezà ³n (big-headed person, literally or figuratively), cabezota (stubborn, stubborn person). To Indicate Intensity Such suffixes indicate that something has more of the inherent quality than such objects usually have; the resulting word can, but doesnt have to, have a negative connotation. Sometimes these endings can be applied to adjectives as well as nouns. Examples: solterà ³n (confirmed bachelor), solterona (old maid), favorzote (a huge favor), un cochazo (one heck of a car), grandote (very big), ricachà ³n (filthy rich, filthy-rich person), grandullà ³n (overgrown). To Form New Words Sometimes words with augmentative endings can take on meanings of their own and have only a loose connection with the original word. Examples: padrote (pimp), ratà ³n (mouse), tablà ³n (bulletin board, thick board), fogà ³n (stove), cinturà ³n (belt), camisà ³n (nightgown), serrucho (handsaw), hacer un papelà ³n (to make a spectacle of oneself), cajà ³n (drawer), cordà ³n (shoelace), lamparà ³n (grease stain), llorà ³n (crybaby), humazo (cloud of smoke). -Azo to Indicate a Blow or Strike The suffix -azo can be applied somewhat freely to nouns to indicate a blow or strike; coined words using this suffix are sometimes found in journalese. Words formed in this way are always masculine. Examples: hachazo (blow or chop with an ax), martillazo (blow with a hammer), puà ±etazo (punch with a fist), cabezazo (head butt), codazo (jab with the elbow), plumazo (the stroke of a pen), huevazo (a blow from a thrown egg), misilazo (missile strike), sartenazo (a blow from a frying pan).

Prison - 1200 Words

Zimbardo - Stanford Prison Experiment by Saul McLeod published 2008 Aim: To investigate how readily people would conform to the roles of guard and prisoner in a role-playing exercise that simulated prison life. Zimbardo (1973) was interested in finding out whether the brutality reported among guards in American prisons was due to the sadistic personalities of the guards or had more to do with the prison environment. Procedure: Zimbardo used a lab experiment to study conformity. To study the roles people play in prison situations, Zimbardo converted a basement of the Stanford University psychology building into a mock prison. He advertised for students to play the roles of prisoners and guards for a fortnight. 21 male college†¦show more content†¦Within the next few days three others also had to leave after showing signs of emotional disorder that could have had lasting consequences. (These were people who had been pronounced stable and normal a short while before.) Zimbardo (1973) had intended that the experiment should run for a fortnight, but on the sixth day he closed it down. There was real danger that someone might be physically or mentally damaged if it was allowed to run on. After some time for the researchers to gather their data the subjects were called back for a follow-up, debriefing session. Conclusion: People will readily conform to the social roles they are expected to play, especially if the roles are as strongly stereotyped as those of the prison guards. The â€Å"prison† environment was an important factor in creating the guards’ brutal behavior (none of the participants who acted as guards showed sadistic tendencies before the study). Therefore, the roles that people play can shape their behavior and attitudes. After the prison experiment was terminated Zimbardo interviewed the participants. Here’s an excerpt: ‘Most of the participants said they had felt involved and committed. The research had felt real to them. One guard said, I was surprised at myself. I made them call each other names and clean the toilets out with their bare hands. I practically considered the prisoners cattle and I kept thinking I had to watch out for them in caseShow MoreRelatedPrisons : Prisons And Prisons1332 Words   |  6 PagesJails and Prisons Comparison Paper Throughout history, the general public often misinterprets the difference between jails and prisons. For long confinement terms, jails are not used to hold sentenced offenders. However, jails are the oldest of the correctional components. According to Seiter (2011), jails were initiated prior to halfway houses, parole, probation, or prisons. Also, jails hold various offenders such as those being held administratively for a criminal justice agency, waiting to transferRead MorePrisons And Prisons : Prisons Essay1230 Words   |  5 PagesPrisons are supposed to be good thing, but when so much trouble comes out of them it’s hard to remember what they’re there for. Criminals go in to be rehabilitated and to be able to come out as a better citizen. But when the prisons and jails effect that in a negative way things are not working the way they are supposed to. Prisons can be change negatively with these factors, breaking on prisoner’s rights, abusive and harmful guar ds, and how prisons miss treat solitary confinement. Even though thoseRead MorePrison And The Prison System Essay1472 Words   |  6 Pagesdiscouragement for humans is through the prison system. Because of this, these humans or inmates, are sentenced to spend a significant part of their life in a confined, small room. With that being said, the prison life can leave a remarkable toll on the inmates life in many different categories. The first and arguably most important comes in the form of mental health. Living in prison with have a great impact on the psychological part of your life. For example, The prison life is a very much different wayRead MoreOvercrowding Prisons And The Prisons Essay1785 Words   |  8 PagesAlma Gonzalez Professor Shaw SOC 474OL 11 August 2016 Overcrowding Prisons Prisons were essentially built to accommodate a number of prisoners, but over the years, it has reached over capacity. Today in the United States, there are approximately 193,468 federal inmates that consist of the Bureau of Prisons Custody, private managed facilities and other facilities. The inmates ages range from 18- 65 with the median age being in their late 30’s. This number is counting both male and female populationRead MorePrison616 Words   |  3 PagesThe prisoners will serve their sentences at this five-year-old institution or at Valley State Prison, the nations second-largest womens prison, which recently opened across the street. The compounds occupy the tiny farm town of Chowchilla, where almond and alfalfa groves surround the 50,000-volt electrified fence. To the crop dusters above, the flat gray-and-peach buildings must look like a giant corrections butterfly, shielding up to 8,000 women in the 1,340-acre spread of its cinder-block wingsRead MoreThe Prison System And The Prisons System Essay1258 Words   |  6 Pagesme realize how much prison affects someone. In the US the prison system is completely different than the prison system in Denmark. After watching Prison State, I didn’t really know what the pros were of our prison system. I saw more cons than pros. I was completely shocked by the way that Denmark runs their prison system. The video confused me a bit, so I did some research and found an article that I understood a little bit better about Denmark’s prison system. The US prison system is definitelyRead MoreShould Prisons Be Legal? Prisons?845 Words   |  4 Pagesand as such should be facing a sentence involving state prison. Although the idea of long-term incapacitation may seem like the logical choice for such an aggressive repeat offender, it is important that we look at the possible negative impact this can have. As this case is being presented in New York State, I will be utilizing the standard prison model used throughout the majority of the state. Initially starting in 1816, Auburn Prison was the first of its kind to incorporate not only a tierRead MorePrivate Prisons And Public Prisons815 Words   |  4 Pagesessentially the Enron of the private prison industry, has long touted private prisons as an alternative to government-owned prisons. Indeed, CCA has set forth three reasons justifying the creation of private prisons for federal inmates: †¢ Cost Effectiveness. Private prisons are less expensive to operate and will save the federal government millions of dollars. †¢ Safety. Private prisons are effectively protect inmates’ safety. †¢ Humane Treatment. Private prisons are modern facilities that provideRead MoreShould Prisons And Prisons Be Treated?2102 Words   |  9 Pages When jails and prisons are built, like other buildings, they come with an occupancy limit for good reason. This is for the well-being of everyone in the building, but also, should there be an emergency and the building needs to be evacuated, everyone will be able to get out quickly and safely. If a building is overcrowded, there is a chance that with there being so many extra people in the building, that some people might get trampled, or trapped in the building. When it comes to jails, the numberRead MorePrison Authority And The Prison System947 Words   |  4 Pagesprisoners possess zero authority in the prison system. They have no control over any aspect of their daily lives, but instead they are minded by prison jurisdiction. Prison guards and wardens possess the power to do anything that they please within those brick walls. This is an issue that society has been aware of for many decades; however, there has been little to no effort to change the conditions. Many prisoners have sought to inform society of how these prison authority figures abuse their power

Resdietial schools Free Essays

This explaining what Residential Schools did for all these years. In the 19th century the Canadian government believed it was responsible for educating and care for the countrys aboriginal people. It though that native people best chance for success was to adopt Christianity and Canadian customs. We will write a custom essay sample on Resdietial schools or any similar topic only for you Order Now This event was trying to make Aboriginal children talk, dress, think and act like Canadians. Children were the main targets, because it was believed that it would be asier to change a young child as opposed to an adult. At the time, the government and churches believed that residential schooling was the right thing to do for the Aboriginal children to be better and wiser people. â€Å"In order to educate the children properly we must separate them from their families†¦ Some people may say this hard, but if we want to civilize them we must do that. (A federal Cabinet Minister, 1883, CBC Learning DVD) Government and churches believed in the movement, due to their intent of educating, assimilating and integrating the Aboriginal people into Canadian society. The system was designed to â€Å"kill the Indian in the child. † Aboriginal families all across Canada were affected by the Residential Schools system, and still are affected. Children were forced to attend and live year round at these schools. Parents had to accept that their children would no longer be in thei r care and that they would be looked after by churches and funded by the Canadian government, or face imprisonment. The importance of this issue is that, Residential Schools had a high impact at the time to destroy the close ties in Aboriginal families and the strong sense of culture in communities. Our objective is to continue until there is not a single Indian in Canada†¦ that has not been absorbed unto the body politic†¦ and there is not Indian question and no Indian Department†(Duncan Campbell Scott, Deputy Superintendent of Indian Affairs Jan 1,1920, CBC Learning DVD) The government wanted to blend the aboriginals in to the â€Å"norm† of Canadian society. If you are an â€Å"outsider† like a First Nations person, you are expected to follow to rules and social normalities of a Canadian. Life at Residential Schools was hard for the first nation’s children. Children were taught that their spiritual practices were vil, and were banned from their practices. They were forced to speak English, and were punished if they spoke their own native languages. Many suffered physical, sexual and emotional abuse while living in the residential schools. Some children died from how horrible treatments were at the Residential schools. They couldn’t take the abuse or the poor poverty anymore. Very few of the teachers were qualified to teach therefore the education was poor. It’s important to note that the Residential School programs were disgraceful, not Just from the perspective of our times, but rom the perspective of their own. This policy has had a lasting and damaging impact their homes, separate from the cultures and traditions that are created for many lives and communities. They government now recognize that, these institutions gave rise to abuse and you shouldn’t change a culture Just because they are living in Canada. â€Å"As Aboriginal and non- Aboriginal Canadians seek to move forward together in a process of renewal, it is essential that we deal with the leagues of the past affecting the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, including the First Nations, Inuit and M ©tis. Our purpose is not to rewrite history but, rather, to learn from our past and to find ways to deal with negative impacts that certain historical decisions continue to have in our society today. (A Day at Indian Residential Schools in Canada, DVD) Many Aboriginal people had enough and wanted to take power over this issue. Families couldn’t be a proper family anymore because they couldn’t communicate with one another. The Residential Schools broke the. Children coming from Residential Schools, grew up, got married and had kids. But they couldn’t be good parent s because they didn’t now how. They didn’t have a role model of being a good parent when growing up in Residential Schools. A Day at Indian Residential Schools in Canada, DVD) This caused even more problem to the Aboriginal People. Protesters by Aboriginal parents, National Brotherhood and Inspectors from Indian Affairs making this world wide for Government to hear the people and know about this horrible issue the Aboriginal People had to go through. â€Å"Sadly, our history with respect to the treatment of Aboriginal People is not something is in which we can take pride. Attitude of racial nd cultural superiority led to a suppression of Aboriginal culture and values. As a country we burdened by past actions that resulted in weakling the identity of Aboriginal peoples, suppressing their languages, cultures and outlawing spiritual practices. We must recognize the impact of these actions thatonce self- sustaining nations that were disaggregated, disruned, limited or even destroyed. â€Å"(A Day at Indian Residential Schools in Canada, DVD) After years of protests by Aboriginal parents, leaders, organizations, and the many the many reports of problems, the federal government knew that the Residential School system was being coming a big problem. Regional Inspectors from Indian Affairs recommended that the Residential School should be over and done with and they made sure the Government heard the voices about the issue. The National Indian Brotherhood’s position paper of 1972, â€Å"Indian Control of Indian Education,† proposed to implement two principles of education that would make school more relevant to students and their communities: Parental responsibility and local control of education, including the right to hire staff and develop curriculum. (Aboriginal People in Canada, pg. 33-358) this went worldwide. The federal government and now recognizing that, what they did before was wrong and that the Aboriginal People should take over. The Residential School system failed as a system of education for three reasons: Server underfunding, particularly during the two World Wars and the Depression, Inadequate management due to the rapid growth of the system and students. (Aboriginal People in Canada, pg. 358) Aboriginal People were not satisfied with Just the closure of Residential Schools, individuals and communities took action. In 1988, Residential School survivors from St. George’s Residential School in Lytton, British Columbia, filed lawsuits against the Anglican Church for damages for sexual abuse. Canadians were shocked by news reports about routinely abuses by the Catholic Church. This case opened the accounts of abuse in the Residential school across Canada and, finally, national attention focused on the damages that this system had inflicted. Non- Aboriginal leaders and citizens condemned the abuse that had taken place for so long. It was time for the churches and government to respond, take action about the problem and hear the voices (Aboriginal People in Canada, pg. 8) The treatment of children in Indian Residential Schools is a sad chapter in history of Canada. Indian Residential Schools separated over 1 50,000 Aboriginal children from their families and communities. The primary objectives of Residential Schools system were to remove and isolate, transitions and cultures, and to assimilate them into the dominant culture. The government now recognize that this policy was wrong, had caused great harm and has no place in Canada. The legacy of Indian Residential Schools has contributed to social problems that continue to exist in many communities today. The government also recognizes the consequences of Residential Schools policy was negative and that it has had a lasting and damaging impact on Aboriginal culture, heritage and language. â€Å"On behalf of the Government of Canada and all Canadians, I stand before you, in this Chamber so central to our life as a country, to apologize to Aboriginal Peoples of Canada’s role in the Indian Residential Schools system. â€Å"(Stephen Harper, CBC Learning, Stolen Children) Government policy destroyed the fabric of family in first nations, M ©tis and Inuit communities. Parents and children were made to feel worthless. Parents and grandparents were given no choice. Their children were stolen from them. â€Å"Today we live in a reality created by the residential schools system, stole from them. â€Å"Today we live in a reality created by the residential schools system, a present that is haunted by this tragic and painful heritage from those first nations, M ©tis and Inuit children, from their families and their communities, a dark and painful heritage that all Canadians must accept as a part of our history. (St ©phane Dion, CBC Learning, Stolen Children, DVD) For a pretty long, Canadian governments chose denial over truth, and when confronted with the eight of truth, chose silence. Canadian governments also refused to acknowledge their role in creating the residential schools system and perpetrating the goal of wiping out aboriginal identity and culture. Canadian governments ignored the consequences of this problem. Instead of trying to understand the Aboriginal People’s suffering that continues to this day, they went into silence. Today, we, representatives of the Canadian people, apologize to those who survived residential schools and to those who died as a result of the laws enacted by previous governments and parliaments. By speaking directly to survivors and victims’ today on the floor of the House of Commons, we apologize to those who died waiting for these words to be spoken and these wrongs acknowledged. † (St ©phane Dion, CBC Learning, people for accepting the apology that they are getting from Canada. Together we remember and honour them for it was they who suffered the most as they witnessed generation after generation of their children taken from their families’ love and guidance. for the generations that will follow us, we bear witness today in this House that our survival as First Nations pe oples in this land is affirmed forever. (Phil Fontaine National Chief, CBC Learning, Stolen Children, DVD) The First Nations now significance of the day of apology is not Just about what has been done, but equally important, what id to come. They know that never again will the House consider the First Nations the Indian problem for Just being who they are. The first Nations heard and know that the Government of Canada will take full responsibility for this dead chapter in their shared history. they heard the Prime Minister declare that this will never happen again. They finally heard Canada say it is sorry. â€Å"Everyone has still have o struggle, but now they are in this together. † (Phil Fontaine National Chief, CBC Learning, Stolen Children, DVD) The effects of Residential School last generations and healing will take as long. If is not possible for communities, families and nations to heal within a few years and will continue to grow. Steps to Healing that I think is good: Creating safety from violence, Showing respect and tolerance for differences, Being responsible and holding others responsible for actions and recognizing the hurt and the need to change. In conclusion, I think Residential School shouldn’t been built in the first place. Even if you were trying to change a cultural to become Just like yours. There were different ways to d it; like teaching them your ways on your own time. Instead of doing it a whole culture and causing so much problems. Or not doing anything about the issue at all. When Canada was apologizing to the Aboriginal People, In my opinion, I think Canada’s attempt was trying to close the Aboriginal identity and culture by taking away from their families when they were children and by building a system to punish them for whole they were. They didn’t value the Aboriginal people as parents. Didn’t trust and respect them. How to cite Resdietial schools, Papers

Counterculture and Arkansas Razorbacks Fan free essay sample

Subcultures Four of the subcultures that I am a part of are first, being a mother, second a student at EACC, third, an Arkansas Razorbacks fan and finally, my religion. Being a mother is the most important subculture that I am a part of. It is what I spend most of my time doing. It is a 24 hour a day 7 days a week job, but I would not change anything. Most people who are mothers have the same values, and that is to raise happy, healthy and successful children. I would say the language used as a mother changes as your children grow older. The second subculture I am a part of is being a student at EACC. This is something that is new to me. I imagine that the values of the people going to EACC are to get an education to better themselves, that is why I am here. We will write a custom essay sample on Counterculture and Arkansas Razorbacks Fan or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The language used while at school is pretty much the same way I talk in everyday life but mainly while I am at school I talk about school. I am also a big Arkansas Razorbacks fan, but I do not know many people from Arkansas who are not. I support the Razorbacks by wearing red and white, watching every game, and supporting them weather they win or lose. The language used while watching the games is usually the same way I talk in everyday life. With the exception of a little profanity on bad calls or bad plays. Finally, my religion, which is Baptist, is my other subculture. I don’t go to church very often, but I still believe in God, and know what is right from wrong. The values of most Christians is to believe in God and do what is right, and that is what I try to do. The language while at church is mainly speaking about God. I have never been a part of a counterculture. I’m a go with the flow type of person. I don’t like to go against the norm, so a counter culture would not be something that I would ever see myself a part of. The difference in a counterculture and a subculture, is that a counterculture is not widely accepted in society, and subcultures are very common, and accepted in our society.

Electronic Commerce Introduction As the inter Essays - E-commerce

Electronic Commerce Introduction: As the internet grows in popularity every day, so too does electronic commerce. Electronic commerce, simply put, is the exchange of money for goods and services via electronic means. In other words, electronic commerce is usually when you purchase something off of the internet. Electronic commerce is often referred to as e-commerce, or e-business. In this paper I will be discussing the technical side of e-commerce, security, different points of view regarding e-business, and of course my personal opinion and experiences. Background Information: First I would like to discuss the types of e-business. E-business can be anything from purchasing a toaster from a department store online to checking your bank statement online. All are examples of the many aspects of e-business. There are several aspects of e-business unique to it. When comparing traditional business to e-business, one can see several differences between the two. The most obvio us difference when buying standard goods (such as a toaster, a book, or a new computer) is the store. When dealing with e-business there is no "real" store or merchandise to look at. It is all presented through the merchant's webpage, or by other electronic means. You will not be able to touch, or inspect potential purchases. All you will have to go on is perhaps a picture and a brief description of the item in question. This is obviously a big change from traditional store-based business practices. Why would any self-respecting consumer buy something via e-business if they were unable to touch, or inspect a potential purchase, and there is a real store just done the street? There are several reasons why e-business is appealing to a growing amount of people. For example, e-business is based on the internet. If you are using the internet, you are not bound by geography. You can access any site, anywhere in the world from the comfort of your computer chair. What does this mean to the consumer? Now the consumer has access to several things they didn't before. The consumer now has diversity. With the entire internet at your fingers, in a matter of minutes you can browse several stores in several parts of the world without even leaving your home. This allows you to compare prices and products. With e-business you are not restricted to the prices and products of you local stores. You can easily choose the best price on the best product.

Travel Articles Arent for Travel Magazines Only

Travel Articles Arent for Travel Magazines Only You shouldn’t limit your efforts for a travel-article sale living magazines, regionals, lifestyles, newspapers, seniors magazines, general magazines and even pet magazines (if your pet article is travel related) and more all print travel articles. FAMILY FUN, a family and parenting magazine, has several travel columns.   Two are â€Å"We Tried It† and â€Å"You are There.†Ã‚   These one-page articles detail a family’s experience trying a specific activity or at a participatory attraction.   Christian magazines often combine information about interesting places with missions and/or ministry opportunities.   Business magazines have short articles pertaining to travelbusiness trips, airports that provide things to do between flights, etc.   Regional or lifestyle magazinesMIDWEST LIVING and SOUTHERN LIVING, for examplelook for short pieces on scenic drives, city profiles, road trips, destinations, etc.   EVERYDAY WITH RACHAEL RAY, a food and lifestyle magazine, usually has up to ten pages of travel-related articles.   Even frugal-living newsletters purchase travel pieces.   I sold a short article on how to save money on the purchase of a rental car and another on how to save money when taking a r oad trip to THE DOLLAR STRETCHER.   And, of course, there are the writing magazines.   Once you have a little travel-writing savvy under your belt, tell others how you do it Travel articles embody more than the 2,000-3,000 word feature articles on destinations and the like; they also include 50-150- word quick-hit pieces on the latest travel trendsgear, gadgets, etc.and other short 250-500 word pieces on everything from dining and nightlife to health and transportation as long as it’s travelrelated.   Travel markets other than the traditional travel markets are ubiquitous and virtually endless. Travel articles often straddle one or more market boundaries.   That is why so many different types of magazines are able to use them. For example, a story about people with disabilities or medical conditions using air transportation would be both health and travel related and a story about elite travel status could find a home in a business magazine and a travel magazine.   I am currently working on a short 250-word write-up for ARTHRITIS TODAY on a home-grown strategy my son came up with for a container to carry injection needles on board an airplane, an article prompted You can often glean the travel information for your alternative magazine markets from what you used in a larger more in-depth travel article you wrote for a bona fide travel magazine.   I recently wrote a more-than-2,000-word logistics article on a major city for TRAVEL SMART, for example.   From that one article I was able to cull a 600-word how-to for a writing magazine, a 1,000-word article for another and a 700-word how-to for a frugal living newsletter (all travel-related articles, of course).   And I’m not finished.   I tentatively plan a short distillery profile (travel related) for a bourbon magazine (non-travel publication), an idea that came to me when I included a distillery tour as part of my lengthy logistics article.   As I’d already researched and reported on these spin-offs in my original article, recycling them to other non-travel markets was fairly simple. As freelance writers we need to keep the checks coming in. If you’re a travel writer, cash in (I mean that literally) on every opportunity to â€Å"crossover† into other non-travel magazines with your travel articles.

Frank Gehry Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Frank Gehry - Essay Example In 1956, Gehry moved to Massachusetts with his wife in a bid to enroll into Harvard’s School of Design. Sadly, the education life at Harvard was never completed, which saw him drop out and afterwards, divorce his first wife. The reason for his non-completion in Harvard’s Design School was because his ideas for a socially responsible type of architecture were not realized (Isenberg and Gehry 43). He remarried in 1975, and had two more children with Berta Isabel Aguilera. He later went back to California after his attempt at design school failed, and that is where the legend of Frank Gehry was born. Works around the world Shortly after moving back to California, Gehry began making his name a household name through the Easy Edges furniture line. Most of the cardboard furniture products were sold in California between 1969 and 1973 before his marriage to Isabel, and before taking on the task of remodeling his family’s house in Santa Monica. It was this erratic remodeling that saw Gehry capture the architectural world’s attention as his design was deemed unique and out of this world. The famous Walt Disney Concert Hall is among Gehry’s famous works, and this was after he achieved celebrity status after modeling homes in Southern California for a while. The Guggenheim Museum building in Spain and a skyscraper in New York city are also Gehry’s works, and have become tourist attraction sites visited by countless individuals. The Opus Hong Kong tower in China can also be placed among his top achievements (Isenberg and Gehry 48). In some instances, Gehry is said to have been invol ved in the designing of jewelry, liquor bottles, and even trophies. He is said to have designed an ice hockey trophy, which was for the World Cup Hockey tournament. These ‘quick fixes’, according to Gehry, were as a result of the little or lack of realization of exceptional architecture (Lange 53). He, therefore, may have wanted to remain relevant in the field of design even if it meant that he would not be designing buildings and memorials. Style and design and the material used Gehry’s style was a deconstructivist form of architecture, which pushed and challenged the accepted designs of architecture. It is a post-structuralist aesthetic that is most familiar with architects who go against the normally accepted paradigms of architecture, and is most visible and popular in California. This might be because he did most of his works in the area during the 1980’s. It is believed that Gehry calculatedly violates the modernism approach to architecture with his focus on the right angles and cubes (Lange 59). The instability that is the deconstructivist approach is what makes the designs by Frank memorable. Even though the projects may be comprehensive and complete, they tend to bring about the feeling of explosion. In some sense, the nature of the deconstructivist style is to bring about the acceptance of flaws as an inevitable phenomenon in architecture. Cardboard and scotch tape are the materials used to bring the designs in Gehry’s head to life, which later turn into buildings. In many of his works, Gehry has incorporated the use of titanium and stainless steel. Theme in Frank Gehry’s works One thing that makes Gehry a truly gifted architect of his day is his perceptive and immaculate manner of bringing out his designs. He is said to be fond of fish as most of his structural designs are said to have used fish motifs engrained in some

DIAGEO Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

DIAGEO - Essay Example 8,090. The operating profit of the company was ?2,443 million during FY2009, an increase of 3.1% over FY2008. The net profit was ?1,621 million in FY2009, an increase of 2.1% over FY2008 (Diageo - Annual Report, 2009). Diageo was created in 1997 as a result of the merger of Guinness and GrandMet (Diageo - Our History, 2011). Diageo rapidly expanded in next few years through both organic and acquisition channels. In 2001, Diageo also acquired the spirits and wine business of Seagram. In 2004, the company acquired Ursus Vodka. In 2005, Chalone Wine Group was acquired. Later, the company also acquired Bushmills Irish whiskey which included Bushmills' Distillery, which is amongst the oldest licensed distillery in the world. In 2006, the company made its first acquisition in China. The company bought a 43% stake in Sichuan Chengdu Quanxing, parent of Swellfun (Diageo - Our History, 2011). In January 2007, Diageo Asia Pacific was created to target a new geographic location. January 2007 ma rked the trial of new Guinness Red brand in 142 pubs in Great Britain. In February 2007, Diageo invested ?100million in expansion of its Scotch whisky operations in Scotland, in order to meet its future demand. In April 2007, as a part of brand extension, the company launched Johnnie Walker Blue Label and King George V Edition in duty free channels of Europe, the Americas & the Middle East. As a part of its global innovation strategy, the company made minor investment in Nuvo (brand), a new ultra-premium effervescent blend of fine French vodka, French sparkling wine, and exotic fruit nectar created by LLC (Diageo - Our History, 2011). In May 2007, the North American division of the company launched Smirnoff Source, a new premium malt beverage that combines pure spring water with alcohol. In Oct 2007, Diageo announced strategic alliance between Sean 'Diddy' Combs and Ciroc vodka. Under the terms of the deal, Combs and Sean Combs Enterprises took the lead on all brand management decis ions for Ciroc, while sharing in the future profits of the growth of the brand. In November 2007, Diageo invested ?5 million in J&B brand's package redesign to give it a more contemporary look. The new pack highlighted the brand's role as the ultimate party whisky with a design to party goers (Diageo - Our History, 2011). Diageo acquired Rosenblum Cellars in early 2008. In February 2008, Diageo and the Nolet Family formed a 50/50 company which owns the perpetual exclusive rights to sell market and distribute Ketel One Vodka (Diageo - Our History, 2011). In March 2008, Diageo, Heineken and Namibia Breweries reached agreement to form a new joint venture for their combined beer, cider and ready-to-drink (RTD) businesses in South Africa. In May 2008, Diageo reached an agreement to buy all the Constellation Brands' distillery and bottling facility at Valleyfield, Quebec, Canada. In the same month, Diageo made a capital investment of E650 million in a new brewing centre in Ireland to supp ort the growth and development of its global beer business (Diageo - Our History, 2011). Diageo also underwent a brief period of divestment, like that in 2003, which resulted into the selling of its Czech division, Diageo Ceska Republika, to Global Spirits. It also shut down its marketing subsidiary Nightfly (Diageo - Our History, 2011). SWOT ANALYSIS OF DIAGEO Strengths Weakness Wide range of Products Continuously Declining margins Market Leader    Opportunities Threats Ever growing presence in Asia-Pacific region Litigations

Market and business analysis of Cadburys

Market and business analysis of Cadburys Cadbury is a leading global confectionery company with an outstanding portfolio of chocolate, gum and candy brands. The company employs around 50,000 people and has direct operations in over 60 countries, selling their products in almost every country around the world. The company creates brands people love, brands like Cadbury, Trident and Halls. The company heritage starts back in 1824 when John Cadbury opened a shop in Birmingham selling cocoa and chocolate. Since then Cadbury have expanded the business throughout the world by a program of organic and acquisition leg growth. On 7 May 2008, the separation of Cadbury confectionery and Americas Beverages business was completed creating Cadbury plc with a vision to be the worlds Biggest and Best confectionery company. Mission Statement Cadbury means quality this is the company promise. The company reputation is built upon quality; the company commitment to continuous improvement will ensure that the company promise is delivered. Cadbury has established itself as a company of fairness and integrity, which always attempts to operate as a socially responsible business. Value Performance Cadbury is passionate about winning. The company competes in a tough but fair way. The company is striving, hardworking and makes the most of the abilities. The company is prepared to take risks and act with speed. Quality Cadbury put quality and safety at the heart of all of the activities such as product, people, partnerships and performance. Respect Cadbury genuinely care for the business and the colleagues which like listen, understand and respond. The company is open, friendly and welcoming. The company embraces new ideas and diverse customs and cultures. Integrity Cadbury always strive to do the right thing. The company does the business with honesty; openness and being straight forward characterize the way. Responsibility Cadbury take accountability for the social, economic and environmental impact. In this way the company aims to make the business, partners and communities better for the future. Cadbury Business Principles are the code of conduct of the company and also take account of global and local cultural and legal standards. They confirm the company commitment to the highest standards of ethics and business conduct. The core purpose of the company is creating brands people love. The core purpose captures the spirit of what the company is trying to achieve as a business. Market Share By participant, the market is relatively fragmented, with the five largest confectionery companies accounting for around 40% of the market. There are a large number of companies which participate in the markets only a regional or local basis. Cadbury compete against multinational, regional and national companies. The graph shows that Cadbury is the second highest of the total confectionery in the market share. Halls is the largest brands in candy of Cadbury. Cadbury have number one and number two confectionery market position in 20 of the worlds 50 largest confectionery markets by retail sales value. Financial statement The graph shows the financial situation of Cadbury from 2006 to 2009. As we can see in the graph, the revenue is reached  ¿Ã‚ ¡5975 million is year 2009 which is slightly increase about 5% from year 2008. In operating income, year 2009 is the highest compare to previous year which is  ¿Ã‚ ¡507 million. Last but not least, year 2009 having 9% of the operating margin which is slightly increase from year 2008. As a conclusion, In year 2009, the performance is pretty well compare to the previous year due to there a keep increase since year 2006 to 2009. PESTLE implication Political The political deals with government influence. The main laws that will affect Cadburys are the consumer protection law. These are the laws and the recent changes in food labeling. The food labeling shouldnt be too influence as Cadburys has label all their goods properly to begin with. Change in manufacturing law will also greatly influence Cadburys as the company may have to change the way to product the cereal. This could lead to the introduction of new mechanical equipment being required or more thorough checks on the current equipment. If new equipment is required if could prove to be very expensive. The Weight and Measures Act, this act should not affect Cadburys since the company have all the equipment and scales used should already be at that of the highest standard. The Trade Description Act, this again should not affect Cadburys due to all the labeling on the products should be correct and thorough giving all the ingredients. The Sale of Good Act, these state that Cadburys should not mislead the consumer. These are currently three conditions. If the government was to introduce a few more it could prove to affect Cadburys. Economic The state of the economy is the main factor. It the country was to go into recession the consumer spending would also drop due to the unemployment. The recession would bring down the sales of a lot of goods mainly the expensive things, which are not necessity. The current economy is well. The interest rates are low and consumer spending is very high. Other economic factor that could affect Cadburys launching a product would be a rise in inflation. This is a rise in price over time. Social If the population size decreased then Cadburys be less people to buy the products therefore less profit.  · If peoples lifestyles changed. For example, nowadays more people wanting to get fit and lose weight, then they will stop eating chocolate and spend their money on gym memberships and others. This means that Cadburys profits will decrease. Technological An increase in capital expenditure will affect Cadburys. For example, more up to date equipment would mean that the goods where produced quicker and cheaper but would also result in job losses. In research and development, keep developing new products to keep up with competition and customer needs. Legal More legislation in place to make sure that the workplace is safe and the worker is better protected. Expensive costs to Cadburys to implement Environment Cadbury launched a corporate social responsibility Web site called DearCadbury.com, which provides consumers information on ethical sourcing, responsible consumption and the environment. The site features Cadburys 2007/08 Corporate Responsibility and Sustainability report, which revealed that the company has reduced carbon emissions almost 4 % to date; Cadbury is aiming for a 10 % reduction by 2010. As part of Cadburys Purple Goes Green program, the company committed to a 50 % absolute reduction in carbon emissions by 2020. Cadbury also reported that it has met its 2007 goal of reducing water use by 10 % Competitors situation and SWOT analysis Cadburys major competitors are Thorntons, Lindt, Lindor, Nestle, Master food (Mars) and others. They are competing directly with Cadbury. Nestle is one of the Cadburys main competitor in the market. Nestle is one of the worlds largest food manufacturer, Nestlà ©s headquarters in Switzerland and based in 200 countries worldwide. It is renowned as the worlds leading nutrition and health based company. Nestle grows is product line through innovation as well as renovation and maintains a balance on its geo-environmental activities and product lines. They have 253,000 employees around the world. Cadburys SWOT Strengths The largest global confectionery supplier, with 9.9% of global market share. High financial strength Strong manufacturing competence, established brand name and leader in innovation. Advantage that it is totally focused on chocolate, candy, chewing gum, unique understanding of consumer in these segment. Successfully grown through its acquisition strategy. Weakness The company is dependent on the confectionery and beverage market. Other competitors have greater international experience. Opportunities Expand into new markets. Increase share through targeted acquisitions. Key to survival within the FMCG market is increasing efficiency and reducing costs. Innovation Is key driver. Threat Worldwide, there is an increasingly demanding cost environment, particularly for energy, transport, packaging and sugar. Competitive pressure from other branded suppliers. Social changes. Nestlà ©s SWOT Strengths Globally recognized as one of the largest and powerful food producer, covering almost every country. Quality is a vital element regarding nestle products. Strong internal growth and emphasis on innovation internally. Powerful brand positioning in the consumers mind. The decentralized culture in the organization encourages employees. Weakness The immense diversification portfolio of the firm makes it impossible to run every division smoothly. Retailers do not get set high margin to increase more in sales. Transportation as well as storage problem. Opportunities Invest in snacks that would further diversify its product. Provide incentives to the retailers to increase sales volume. Open cafà © that would exclusively provide Nestle products. Middle class share in most of the economies are growing much larger. Threats Pollution of product should be regarded strictly. The company has not so pretty history with the FDA. Tough market with a tougher competitor for gaining market share. Market is quite mature and the competitors specialize in a certain product that can hit hard on Nestle. In comparison of Cadburys SWOT and Nestlà ©s SWOT, Cadbury Strength against Nestle Weakness Cadbury is a brand that is a leader in innovation of products, that focuses on candy, chocolate, that satisfies the various taste of consumers whereas Nestle has a wide range of portfolio of products that exceeded the management skill and man power to manage a smooth and effective management of product. The advantage of Cadbury in the market share has given them the priority in determining the price of their products, whereas the price of Nestle product is depending on the market that they venture and they cannot set price of product that is too high that is not the interest of consumer. Nestle has also problem in locating and distributing the product due to developing countries that has poor communication and network skill between the people. Cadbury Weakness against Nestle Strength Cadburys main weakness is its international inexperience in distributing and expanding its product, whereas Nestle has the most experience in distributing and expanding of their product due to the coverage of its product is over the world. Other Cadburys weakness will be the dependant of the company on too little product line which is beverages and confectionery product unlike Nestle which having lots of the product line like drinks, snack and food that can generate the profit made. Opportunities of Cadbury and Nestle Cadbury can venture into new market to diversify their products into different sector is snack food. Nestle has also look into opening new Nestle cafà © that specialize in selling Nestle products and also promoting new products. Cadbury has to come up with more creative chocolate products to maintain its competitiveness in the market. Nestle should also reduce the portfolio of brands that cost losses to the company and focuses the skilled managers on brands that are generating sales. Threats that is face by Cadbury and Nestle Manufacturing of Nestle product has produce wastage of energy, Nestle has to improve their technology in reducing the pollution to the environment. Cadbury is also widely exposure to competition from other brands of chocolate such as Hersheys because of new product that is more innovative. Chocolate ingredients increase in price will also cost Cadbury in expenditure to purchase the product. Nestle has to improve their brand in the breakfast cereal market because it has been claim to be containing fake health benefits, more cash has to be waste to reposition their product. Market objective Environment objective Specific Aim to reduce carbon emissions Reducing water use Measureable Reduce the carbon emissions by 14% Reducing water use by 12% Achievable Improve the manufacture technology Realistic To invest new technology to save production cost. Chocolate industry have brighten future in UK and Cadbury is leading industry therefore Cadbury is able to invest new technology. Timely In year 2012, the carbon emissions has reduce 18% and reduce water use 14% compare to previous years. In this objective is aim to reduce carbon emissions and reducing water use. Due to the issues of carbon emissions can be reduce their cost of production such as replacing air compressors can be saving electrical cost and reduce the water consumption in their steam used during processing and for cleaning. To reduce water consumption, company must look for new technology of machine to reduce the water consumption. Other than that, reduce the resources of these can be helping company to save cost and protect of natural resources. In the measurement, Cadbury aim to reduce the carbon emissions by 14% and reducing water use by 12%. To achieve this objective, company must be improve the manufacture technology such as membrane technology to reduce the natural resources. Due to the background of the company, Cadbury are able to invest new technology to reduce the resources and it can be save cost when they producing chocolate. By the year of 2012, Cadbury aim in reduce 28% of carbon emissions and reduce 14% of water use compare to previous years. Societal Specific Introduce new product Create new lifestyle for Children Measureable Introduce the diet chocolate Create more children activities Achievable Strong human resources Improve RD department Realistic The improvement of CSR program. Timely In year 2012, increase the brand awareness. As for societal, Cadbury will introduce more new product in market. Children are one the largest market for Cadbury, Cadbury planning to create a new lifestyle for children. By measure, New product such as diet chocolate have potential of getting large market, the main reason is due to local citizen are getting more concern about the health. Diet chocolate is suitable for citizen concern their health. As for lifestyle of children, create more activities for children, activity such as education will help children learn more knowledge. To achieve the target, Cadbury must have strong human resources, only good employee will provide the better performance. RD department also must improve, to have more sales, product for health are very important such as diet chocolate. In realistic, improvement of CSR program is to gain more believe and loyalty from purchaser. By estimation, year 2012 will achieve the objective of societal. Brand awareness will be increase by the support of this objectiv e. Financial objective Specific Growth of revenue in UK Increase total confectionery share gain Measureable To growth 5% of revenue compare to previous years Growth in global market share and increase share in the UK by 50 bps Achievable Carry out a number of advertisements in the market and online. Realistic The revenue is keep increasing compare to previous years. Timely In year 2012, the revenue has to be 15% increase compare to year 2009. In this objective is aim to growth of revenue in UK and increase total confectionery market share. To increase the revenue and market share, Cadbury must carry out more advertisements such as produce different type of packaging to target public event. For examples, in Christmas Cadbury produce hamper for consumers as a Christmas gifts to exchange gifts with friends. In this measurement, Cadbury aim to increase 5% of revenue and increase market share in global market by 50 bps in UK. To achieve this objective, Cadbury organize more events to promote their new packaging such as Christmas hamper on the period before Christmas. In this event, Cadbury could increase sales. Due to the capital of company, Cadbury is able to produce new packaging to their product. By year of 2012 the revenue could increase 15% compare to previous years. Marketing strategy Product Cadbury dairy milk is made from real chocolate. The ingredients for the chocolate are cocoa butter and there is a glass and half full cream daily milk in every 200 grams of Cadbury daily milk chocolate. Cadbury purchase 65 million liters of fresh milk each year to make Cadbury daily milk chocolate. Price Price is very important in the marketing mix. The price changed for a chocolate bar can be affect whether a consumer will buy it and the level of sales can determine whether or not Cadbury Schweppes will make a profit. Price is also can be affected by factors such as the state of economy, what competitor are doing. The stage reached in product life cycle and above all what price the market will accept. Form the marketing point of view this is what matters. Place Cadbury products are produced at the chocolate factory in Bourneville in Birmingham. After the chocolate is produced, it will go through all quality check and transported to the stockrooms. The following, Cadbury sells the products to shops that deal with beverage and confectionery such as convenient store, super store, petrol station, and others. This kind of distributions can make consumer easy to find the product. Cadbury produces chocolate for more than 200 countries so that they have a chance to enjoy it as well and make profit. Because of this, Cadbury have a wide range of consumer around the world. Promotion The purpose of promotion is to communicate directly with potential or existing customer, in order to encourage them to purchase dairy milk and recommend it to others. There is various ways to promote the product such as TV advertisement, banner on the internet, magazine and newspapers. Forecast and Implication 3-years forecast and budget 2009 2010 2011 2012 Sales 5975 6273.75 6587.44 6916.81 Cost 3210 3370.5 3539.03 3715.98 Profit 509 534.45 561.17 589.23

Life Cycle Analysis of Aviation Products

INTRUDUCTIONIt is very easy to question a nation for its decision to retire seemingly useful aircraft, but there are many economic factors that need to be taken into account.  We often hear about how much it costs to buy any particular model of plane, but people often underestimate just how expensive it is to operate and maintain aircraft. Not only do you have to consider the direct costs of flying the plane (pilot pay, fuel, and other consumables), but also the costs of pilot training, the costs of parts and labor to perform routine maintenance, the costs of training ground crew to perform that maintenance, the costs of obtaining and maintaining support equipment needed to service the planes, and the costs of the facilities needed to perform this service and maintenance. We often lump all these factors together into the â€Å"life-cycle cost† of an airplane.GENERAL DISCUSIONLife Cycle Cost is extremely important when determining whether to retain or replace aircraft, acquir e new or used aircraft, and in evaluating the total economics of competing aircraft whether purchasing, financing, or leasing. With this program you can predict Cash Flows and Net Present Values and compare different forms of ownership.As aircraft have become increasingly complex, the life-cycle costs associated with maintaining sophisticated equipment and training crew to operate and service that equipment have grown substantially. For this reason, we see a trend in militaries around the world to standardize on as few types of aircraft as possible. By operating only a couple types of planes, a military can consolidate its training and servicing activities thereby minimizing the amount of money needed for aircraft operations and maintenance.This motivation is likely a major factor in the business decision to eliminate their old aircraft. The business can instead focus its maintenance and training budgets on a few designs, which tend to share much in common, as opposed to siphoning o ff a large chuck of that money to support a completely different design. Understanding and modeling factors related to learning, economics, marketing, risks, and uncertainty can enable designers to design more cost-effective systems. The importance of developing comprehensive life cycle cost models cannot be over emphasized with reference to affordable systems. Particular areas of concern include production cost, estimating, organizational learning, pricing and marketing, sub-contracting production, and predicting competitors’ cost.In addition to the component of the cost estimation, usually the focal point of most cost models, accurate modeling of all factors related to the production, operations, and support is necessary to generate calibrated life cycle cost profiles. Basic engineering economics can be used for determining price once the cost has been estimated. Interest formulas are available for predicting rates of return and other indicators of profitability. However th e complex models used for life cycle cost prediction must utilize algorithm for stimulating additional factors as organizational learning and manufacturing processes.The three primary component f the system life cycle are non recurring costs, recurring costs, and operations and support costs. According to Apgar, H. (1993) there are two principal objectives for an life cycle cost trade study as the identification of the design and production process alternatives which meet minimum performance requirements; both at the lowest average unit production cost, and   at the lowest operation and support cost per operating hour.A full range of cost models exists today, from detailed part-level models, based on direct engineering and manufacturing standard factors, to conceptual design level life cycle models. While most of the conceptual design level models are parametric and weight/complexity-based, much research is being conducted to develop feature-, activity-, and/or process-based model s. Many of the detailed models use measured data from the shop floor for the regression analysis and algorithm development. At the other end of the spectrum are the top-level, parametric cost estimating models for life cycle estimates. Few models exist between the two ends of the modeling spectrum; no suitable methods have been demonstrated for a model that accepts multifidelity data from multiple levels of product analysis within an integrated design environment.Detailed estimates of direct materials and hours used for fabrication and assembly of the aircraft major structural components (accommodating the many and varied material types; product forms such as sheets, extrusions, fabrics, etc.; and construction types utilized in advanced technology aircraft structures) will replace the weight/complexity-based algorithm for estimating the aircraft cost in the top-level, parametric life cycle cost model. These differentials in the aircraft cost estimates due to fabrication and assembly alternatives will propagate via the system roll up cost through the life cycle for production, operation, and support for the entire system.With such a tool/model, the designer will be able to determine sensitivities in the top-down life cycle cost model to changes or alternatives evaluated in the bottom-up cost model. It will be possible to calculate sensitivities and design for robustness with the life cycle cost model due to perturbations of some factors such as entities external to the manufacturer; functions internal to the manufacturer, but external to manufacturing; and processes internal to the manufacturer.The manufacturer cannot control certain factors external to the enterprise. For instance, the number of aircraft ordered, the times of the orders and the corresponding payment schedule, interest rates, and projected inflation rates are not variables over which the manufacturer has complete control. The monthly or annual production rates; sub-contracting decisions; learni ng curve effects; and manufacturing, and sustaining costs are factors that are internal to the enterprise, but can be categorized in a higher level than the actual material purchasing, processing, fabrication, and assembly. The sequences of activities and processes used for fabrication and assembly are assumed to be internally controlled by the manufacturer.The lowest level of the life cycle cost model consists of the cost estimation for the aircraft, based upon the direct engineering and manufacturing estimates for its major structural components. The highest level includes determination and distribution of the non-recurring and recurring production costs, as well as the operations and support costs over the entire life cycle of the aircraft.According to Febrycky, W.J., and Blanchard, B.S. (1991) that a through understanding of certain economic theories must be achieved before any reasonable life cycle cost analysis can be undertaken. Alternative instruments can be compared against each other or a fair basis only if their respective benefits and costs are converted to an equivalent economic base, with appropriate consideration for the time value of money. Three factors are involved when determining the economic equivalence of sums of money. They are the amounts of the sums, the times of occurrence of the sums, and the interest rate. Interest formulas are functions of all three. These functions are used for calculating the amounts occurring at different periods of time.The life cycle cost analysis of aircraft comprises the following capabilities. The unit production costs are estimated with a series of experimental equations for generating airframe component manufacturing costs for specific classes of aircraft. According to Lee, P. (1994) that a theoretical First Unit Cost is generated by summing the respective component costs of the airframe, propulsion, avionics and instrumentation, and final assembly. Most of the structural component cost equations are weig ht-based. Engine costs are based on the thrust, the quantity produced, and the cruise Mach number.Alternatively, the actual price/cost of the engine can be specified as input parameters. Another series of exponential equations is used to calculate the production costs based upon the total number of vehicles produced. The average unit airplane costs, either including or excluding airframe and engine spares, are also calculated. A comparison of the average aircraft manufacturing costs versus the quantity of aircraft produced is provided. The elements of the total vehicle cost can be reduced with user-specified learning curves for the airframe, avionics, propulsion, assembly, and fixed equipment. For a specified production rate, ship set, and average aircraft selling prices, the manufacturer’s cumulative and annual cash flows are calculated.The annual and cumulative aircraft deliveries are calculated first, based upon an input production rate schedule. The manufacturing cost is the sum of the production costs of all operational vehicles produced each year. The cost to manufacture one vehicle includes airframe cost, propulsion cost, avionics and instrumentation cost, and the cost of final assembly. The manufacturer’s sustaining costs are the total production costs minus the cost of the operational vehicles and the manufacturer’s profit fee. Ten elements constitute the total sustaining costs: airframe and engine spares, facilities, sustaining engineering, sustaining tooling, ground support equipment, training equipment, initial training, and initial equipment. The sustaining costs are distributed equally for each aircraft over the same months in which each aircrafts manufacturing costs are distributed.CONCLUSIONThere is normally a conflict between cost-effective choices and affordable choices for alternative designs. Today, the desire for cost-effectiveness is often sacrificed to the practical considerations of the available funding with the de velopment of more complexes and comprehensive life cycle cost modes that can accept and process multifidelity data within an integrated design environment, it will be possible to better calculate the cost-effectiveness and affordability of future systems. Then it may be possible to have a system that is ultimately cost-effective, yet still affordable.REFERENCEApgar, H. (1993). Design-to-Life-Cycle-Cost in Aerospace, Aerospace Design Conference, Irvine CA.Febrycky, W.J., and Blanchard, B.S. (1991). Life-Cycle Cost and Economic Analysis, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey.Lee, P. (1994). A Process Oriented Parametric Cost Model, Aerospace Design Conference, Irvine CA.

Corporate Risk Management Essay

Risk refers to the uncertainty that surrounds future events and outcomes. It is the expression of the likelihood and impact of an event with the potential to influence the achievement of an organization’s objectives. Risk management is a systematic approach to setting the best course of action under uncertainty by identifying, assessing, understanding, acting on and communicating risk issues. The Corporate Risk Management framework is a systematic, integrated approach with a focus on managing financial risks to enhance shareholder value. The Corporate Risk Management processes are indentification of the risk, measurement , policy, process and execution. Those processes are utilised by corporate enterprises to manage the risk of fortuitous loss. Once corporate risks have been identified and their impact on the firm measured, risk management attempts to control the size and frequency of loss, and to finance those fortuitous losses which do occur. Those are the main definition about the subject, which are to be discussed in this document. Risk Management is an ongoing activity and should be carried out as a part of day-to-day business. The management of risk can only take place within an organisational framework that is inclusive of all parts of the corporate infrastructure. Without this framework, risks cannot be efectivelly discussed, communicated, compared and managed in a coherent way across the whole organisation. Risk should be a feature of any management discussion of any uncertain circumstances including new initiatives of any kind and the implementation of significant projects Risk management deals with insurable and with uninsurable risks and is an approach which involves a formal orderly process for systematically identyfying, analysing and responding to risk events throughout the life of a project to obtain the optimum or acceptable degree of risk elimination or control. Risk management is an essential part of the project and business planning cycle which requires acceptance that uncertainty exists, generates a structured response to risk in terms of alternative plans, solutions and contingencies ,is a thinking process requiring imagination and ingenuity and generates a realistic attitude in an investment for staff by preparing them for risk events rather than being taken by surprise when they arrive. Risk management involves identifying risks, predicting how probable they are and how serious they might become, deciding what to do about them and implementing these decisions. Corporates finance is the specific area dealing the financial decisions corporations make and the tools and techniques used to make the decisions. Categories of corporate financial decision making are : objectives of investment decision, financial decision and financial techniques. Corporates need a more advanced risk management approach in order to benefit from a competitive advantage from strategic risk management. They should manage risks proactively via an integrated approach with a focus on measurable financial risks. Quantitative techniques, such as cash flow-at-risk and earnings-at-risk, are necessary to look at the combined effect of risks on the formulated business objectives. Identification of risks, analysis of implications, response to minimise the risk and allocation of the contigencies are part of the process of managing the corporate risk. The objective to managing the corporate risk is to understand the risk that is known to be associated with the corporate strategy plan. This corporate risk management plan will enable the communication of the risks and risk treatments to be passed down to the strategic business units that may be impacted by the risk and maintenance of the corporate risk register. Altough risks are evaluated at the corporate level, the power they maintain over governments and consumers is phenomenal. Corporate risk startegy often implies planned actions to respond to identified risks. A typical corporate risk strategy includes the following: * accountabilities for managing the corporate risk. * A corporate risk register will be maintained as a record of the known risks to the corporate strategy plan; the types of mitigating action recorded. * Treatment plans are identified that form part of the corporate strategy and will be communicated to the SBUs, so they in turn may manage the risk which may affect them. A first estimate of potential effects can be determined using assumption analysis, decision tree analysis and the range method. These models can then be used to evaluate the effectiveness of potential mitigating actions and hence select the optimum response. Mitigating actions can be grouped into four categories and potential action : * Risk avoidance * Risk reduction * Risk transfer * Risk retention Corporate management, often referred to as corporate strategy, is concerned with ensuring corporate survival and increasing its value not just in financial terms but also by variables such as market share, reputation and brand perceptions. Thus the scope of corporate risk management is wide ranged to support the corporate strategy. A senior corporate manager owns the process and has the staff to resource the analysis and administrative activities. A board member champions the process ensuring access to information and resources. A core group of corporate broad members and strategic business unit executives can draw additional input from stakeholders such as shareholder representatives, representatives from major customers, partners and suppliers and external experts. At the corporate level a corporate strategy plan is often produced. The plan objectives are: * Create and maintain a strategy that achieves the corporate intent, corporate commitments and expectations of the customers, shareholders and other stakeholders. * Incorporate and maintain the commitments and the requirements of business sectors, specifically strategic business units and process owners that support the strategic direction. * Communicate the strategic direction and relevant objectives and target to each strategic business unit. * Manage strategic change to maintain or gain competitive advantage. The risk management process can be viewed as the application of traditional management techniques to a particular problem. Risk management is a continous loop rather than a linear process so that, as an investment or project processes, a cycle of identification, analysis, control and reporting of risks is continuously undertaken. Steps in the risk management process include: * setting risk-return goals, * identification and evaluation of the causes of potential expense or revenue fluctuation, * choice and balance of loss control and loss finance tools, and * implementation, monitoring and review. There are many opinions about those processes. For example Chapman and Ward believe that there are eight phases in the risk management process. Each phases is associated with broadly defined deliverabe, and each deliverable is discussed in terms of its purpose and the tasks required to produce it. Phases and deliverable structures: * Define : the purpose of this phase is to consolidate any relevant existing information about the project, and to fill in any gaps uncovered in the consolidation process. * Focus : the purpose of this phase is to look for and develop a strategic plan for the risk management process, and to plan the risk management process at an operational level. * Identify : the purpose of this phase is to identify where risk may arise, to identify what might be done about the risk in proactive and reactive terms, and to identify what might go wrong with the responses. Here, all the risks and responses should be identified, with threats and opportunitiess classified, characterised, documented, veified and reported. * Structure : the purpose of this phase is to test the simplified assumptions, and to provide a more complex structure when appropriate. Benefits here include a clear understanding of the implications of any important simplifying assumptions about relationships between risks, responses and base plan activities. * Ownership : at this phase client/contractor allocation of ownership and management of risk and responses occur, such as the allocation of client risks to named individuals, and the approval of contractor allocations. Here, clear ownership and allocations arise; the allocations are effectively and efficiently defined and legally enforceable in practice where appropriate. * Estimate : this phase identifies areas of clear significant uncertainty and areas of possible significant uncertainty. This acts as a basis for understanding which risks and responses are important. * Evaluate : at this stage synthesis and evaluation of the results of the estimation phase occurs. Diagnosis of all important difficulties and comparative analysis of the implication of responses to these difficulties should take place, together with specific deliverables like a prioritised list of risks or a comparison of the base plan and contingency plans with possible difficulties and revised plans. * Plan : at this pase the project plan is ready for implementation. The main processes involved in project risk management are: * risk identification, risk quantification and analysis, * risk response, selection of risk response options, * outputs from the risk response process, * outputs from the risk response process, * risk management within the project life cycle, * the tasks and benefits of risk management, * the beneficiares of risk management. Risk identification consists of determining which risks are likely to affect the project and documenting the characteristics of each one. Risk identification should adress both the internal and the external risks. The primary sources of risk which have the potential to cause a major effect on the project should also be determined and classified according to their impact on project cost, time schedules and project objectives. Inputs and outputs of the Risk Identification Process . Inputs to risk identification are given as product or service description; other planning outputs (work breakdown structure, cost and time estimates, specification requirements) historical information. Outputs to risk identification are sources of risk; potential risk events; risk symptoms; imputs to other processes. After identification risks should be ’validated’, for instance, the information on which they are based and the accuracy of the description of their characteristics should be checked. The purpose of risk identification is to identify and the project or service components, the inherent risks in the project or service, to capture the most significant participants in risk management and to provide the basis for subsequent management, to stabilise the groundwork by providing all the necessary information to conduct risk analysis. Risk quantification and analysis involves evaluating risks and risk interactions to assess the range of possible outcomes. It is primarily concerned with determing which risk events warrant a response. A number of tools and techniques are available for the use of risk analysis and quantification and the analysis process. Risk response involves defining enhancement steps for opportunities and responses to threats. Â  Risk avoidance involves the removal of a particular threat. This may be either by eliminating the source of the risk within a project or by avoiding projects or business entities which have exposure to the risk. Since the significance of a risk is related to both its probability of occurence and its effect on the project outcome if it does occur, risk reduction may involve either lowering its probability or lessening its impact ( or both ). Projects may be seen as investment packages with associated risks and returns. Since a typical project or business involves numerous stakeholders, it follows that each should ’own’ a proportion of the risk available in order to elicit a return. Basically, risk transfer is the process of transferring risk to another participant in the project. Transferring risk does not eliminate or reduce the criticality of the risk, but merely leaves it for others to bear the risk. Risk Retention .Risks may be retained intentionally or unintentionally. The latter occurs as a result of failure of either or both of the first two phases of the risk management process, these being risk identification and risk analysis. If a risk is not identified or if its potential consequences are underestimated, then the organisation is unlikely to avoid or reduce it consciously or transfer it adequately. Corporate risk refers to the liabilities and dangers that a corporation faces. Risk management is a set of procedures that minimizes risks and costs for businesses. The job of a corporate risk management department is to identify potential sources of trouble, analyze them, and take the necessary steps to prevent losses There are several steps in any risk management process. The department must identify and measure the exposure to loss, select alternatives to that loss, implement a solution, and monitor the results of their solution. The goal of a risk management team is to protect and ultimately enhance the value of a company. With corporations, financial risks are the biggest concern. Just as with standard insurance policies for physical damage, some financial risks can be transferred to other parties. Derivatives are the primary way that corporate risk is transferred. A derivative is a financial contract that has a value based on, or derived from, something else. These other things can be stocks and commodities, interest and exchange rates or even the weather when applicable. The three main types of derivatives that corporate riskmanagers use are futures, options, and swaps. Corporate risk is especially prominent during difficult times in the economy. Risk management teams will take less chances when the economy is less forgiving. They will do everything necessary to avoid additional risks, which in some cases can contribute to a decrease in credit availability and less overall spending. * Corporate Risk Management ,second edition, Tony Merna & Faisal Thani 2008 * Analysis & Evaluation,second edition, Neil Cowan 2005 * http://www.decs.sa.gov.au/docs/documents/1/DecsRiskManagementFramewo.pdf * http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-corporate-risk.htm

Pursuit Of Knowledge In Frankenstein - 1866 Words

In the gothic novel, Frankenstein, written in 1818, author Mary Shelley tells a blood chilling story of Victor Frankenstein and his monstrous creation. Many of the main concepts in the Romantic literary movement are prevalent throughout the novel. Some of these concepts include nature as beauty and truth, strong personal motivation, and gothicism which inhibits intense emotion and complex psychology. Victor’s monstrous creation can be categorized as a romantic hero because of his continuous rejection from all forms of society. On the surface level the novel is of suspense and horror, yet it profoundly aims to highlight the dangers of overstepping the boundaries of ethical science. Written during an era of vast technological and†¦show more content†¦Captain Walton documents this story in the perspective of Frankenstein. Victor Frankenstein grew up in the town of Geneva, Switzerland. Though dampered by his father’s criticism of reading, Victor ambitiously mastered all subjects and dreamed of attending the University of Ingolstadt. After experiencing a lighting strike on a nearby tree Victor’s curiosity for the sciences grew phenomenoly. Victor meets his dream of attending college in Germany where he meets his best friend Henry Clerval. For two years Victor undoubtedly impresses his professors and fellow classmates with his vast knowledge. Yet he is consumed with a desire to discover the secrets of life thus planning a way to create a human being. After precise planning and the digging up of deceased bodies in the local cemetery Victor begins to construct his being. Victor is immediately filled with horror and guilt at the first sight of life in the grotesque monstrous creation. Ashamed Victor flees his creation leaving the clueless creature to fend for himself. Victor tells no one of th e creature. Months later Victor receives a letter from his father telling him to come home because his younger brother William has been murdered. As Victor flees home he is bewildered after seeing a glimpse of the monster in the nearby woods. Immediately he realizes the monster is at fault for William’s murder. However after arriving home he finds that the Frankenstein’s servant Justine is beingShow MoreRelatedFrankenstein Pursuit Of Knowledge Essay1673 Words   |  7 Pages Among the many themes explored in Mary Shelley s timeless classic â€Å"Frankenstein†, the one I find to be most relevant and the one that truly resonated with me was the dangers that stem from the pursuit of knowledge. This theme resonated with me for many reasons because, while the pursuit of knowledge has allowed humankind to exert and enjoy unparalleled and unprecedented power over the animal kingdom and the world itself, it’s a seemingly benign aspect of human nature that can pa radoxically renderRead MoreFrankenstein Pursuit Of Knowledge Essay1403 Words   |  6 PagesInformation War: The Truths of Knowledge in Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein What exactly is the pursuit of knowledge? One might say that the pursuit of knowledge is when one conducts irregular experiments and actions. One might say that the pursuit of knowledge is the process of the collecting information needed in completing that test. However, the universal truth says that one can never accumulate all the knowledge in the world. 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